th 
of the 
which are known as the de Moivre numbers. The notations 
, 
, and 
, where the value of 
is understood by context, are variously used to denote the 
th 
th root of unity.
, , and , where the value of is understood by context, are variously used to denote the th th root of unity.
is always an 
th root of unity, but 
is such a root only if 
is even. In general, the roots of unity form a regular polygon with 
sides, and each vertex lies on the unit circle.
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